{"id":1294,"date":"2015-07-02T00:45:27","date_gmt":"2015-07-01T22:45:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/?page_id=1294"},"modified":"2015-07-02T02:27:20","modified_gmt":"2015-07-02T00:27:20","slug":"mosquiton-potkuriakseli-ja-sen-kuluvat-osat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/?page_id=1294","title":{"rendered":"Mosquiton potkuriakseli ja sen kuluvat osat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Potkuriakseli toimii moottoroiduissa liitimess\u00e4 voimansiirron osana sek\u00e4 moottorin kiinnityksess\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4 artikkeli k\u00e4sittelee Mosquitojen potkuriakseleihin liittyvi\u00e4 &#8221;hyv\u00e4 tiet\u00e4\u00e4&#8221; -asioita ja kohtia, joita kannattaa pit\u00e4\u00e4 silm\u00e4ll\u00e4. Artikkelissa mainitut asiat ovat havaittu omakohtaisien kokemusten kautta kahdesta laitteesta, joiden rakenne, lentotunnit ja kuluminen ovat olleet hyvin samankaltaisia.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Akselin rakenne<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Potkuriakseli koostuu p\u00e4\u00e4llimm\u00e4isest\u00e4 alumiiniputkesta ja moottorin kiinnitykseen tarkoitetuista alumiinilevyst\u00e4 kantatuista laipoista. Laipat on hitsattu akselin toiseen p\u00e4\u00e4h\u00e4n kiinni. Akselin sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 on mallista riippuen joko yhten\u00e4inen ter\u00e4stanko tai ter\u00e4ksinen putki, jonka p\u00e4ihin on hitsattu kiinnikkeet potkuria ja vetoratasta varten. Akseli on laakeroitu alumiiniputkeen kolmella laakerilla, jotka pysyv\u00e4t paikallaan liimalla.<\/p>\n<p>Potkurin ty\u00f6nt\u00f6voima otetaan vastaan potkuria l\u00e4hinn\u00e4 olevan laakerin sis\u00e4keh\u00e4ll\u00e4, josta se v\u00e4littyy laakerin ulkokeh\u00e4n kautta akselin\u00a0alumiiniseen ulkokuoreen sorvattuun olakkeeseen. Itse akseli on liimattu laakereihin, eik\u00e4 sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 mit\u00e4\u00e4n mik\u00e4 kantaisi kuormaa. Ty\u00f6nt\u00f6voiman v\u00e4littymiseen tulee kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 erityist\u00e4 huomiota erilaisia potkurinnapoja k\u00e4ytett\u00e4ess\u00e4. Potkurinnavan tulee koskettaa sit\u00e4 l\u00e4hinn\u00e4 olevan laakerin sis\u00e4keh\u00e4\u00e4. Mik\u00e4li n\u00e4in ei ole, akseli ty\u00f6ntyy ennenpitk\u00e4\u00e4 sis\u00e4\u00e4np\u00e4in kunnes potkurinnapa koskettaa laakeria. Toimituksessa syntyy vaurioita akselin toisessa p\u00e4\u00e4ss\u00e4.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Mallien v\u00e4liset erot ja kuluvat kohdat<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Mosquiton potkurinakseli on ollut yksi kehityskohteista laitteen valmistuksen ajan. Ensimm\u00e4iset A-10 -mallit toimitettiin k\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteisell\u00e4 koneella. A-10:n potkuriakseli oli rakenteeltaan monen mielest\u00e4 liiankin kevyt. Akselin k\u00e4ytt\u00f6tunnit tulevat t\u00e4yteen 100-200 lennetyn tunnin kohdalla, akseliin ilmestyvien murtumien muodossa. Akseli murtuu moottoripukin laippojen kohdalta sek\u00e4 vetorattaan p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4, laakerin alapuolelta. Materiaalivahvuus akselin runkoputkessa on liian v\u00e4h\u00e4inen kest\u00e4\u00e4kseen pidempiaikaista rasitusta. Akselia tulee tarkkailla vaurioiden varalta ja mik\u00e4li murtumia ilmenee, on se vaihdettava uuteen. Sen korjaaminen on k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 hankalaa.<\/p>\n<p>Murtumiselle alttiita potkuriakseleita toimitettiin tiett\u00e4v\u00e4sti johonkin 2000-luvun alkuun asti. Ongelma ilmeisesti korjattiin NRG:n tultua markkinoille. Nyky\u00e4\u00e4n uutena myyt\u00e4v\u00e4t potkuriakselit ovat materiaalivahvuudeltaan paksumpia ja pari sataa tuntia lennetyiss\u00e4 akseleissa ei ole murtumia samoista kohdista l\u00f6ytynyt.<\/p>\n<p>Itse runkoputken murtuman ohella potentiaalisia kohteita v\u00e4symismurtumille ovat itse moottorin alumiinilevyst\u00e4 kantatut kannakkeet. Sek\u00e4 A-10 ett\u00e4 NRG ovat alttiita n\u00e4ille. Murtumia kannattaa etsi\u00e4 erityisesti kanttauksen kohdalta reunasta. Mahdollinen murtuma on k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 hyvin vaikea erottaa moottorin ollessa kiinnitettyn\u00e4. Taitoksen kohdalta reunasta alkanut murtuma on kohtuullisen helppo korjata: murtuneen laipan voi taitoksen kohdalta leikata irti ja tilalle laittaa esimerkiksi ter\u00e4ksisest\u00e4 kulmaraudasta vastaavan palan, suurilla ruuveilla ja Nord-Lockeilla j\u00e4ljelle j\u00e4\u00e4neeseen, akseliin hitsattuun osaan.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteisen ja s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteisen moottorin potkurinakselit ja moottoripukit eiv\u00e4t ole yhteensopivat. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tulee huomioida, mik\u00e4li akseli joudutaan vaihtamaan tai mik\u00e4li moottori vaihdetaan k\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteisest\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteiseen. S\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteisen moottorin potkuriakselissa kiinni olevia moottorin kiinnikkeit\u00e4 on kallistettu per\u00e4p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 katsottuna vastap\u00e4iv\u00e4\u00e4n noin kymmenen astetta. T\u00e4m\u00e4 on tehty sen vuoksi, ett\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnistin mahtuisi runkoon. K\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteisen moottorin voi kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 oman potkuriakselinsa ohella my\u00f6s s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteisen moottorin kallistettuun akseliin, mutta t\u00e4ll\u00f6in tulee huomioida se, ett\u00e4 pakoputki voi osua Mosquiton jalkaan.<\/p>\n<p><em>Itse olen onnistunut hajottamaan kaksi potkuriakselia. Ensimm\u00e4inen s\u00e4rkyi vanhan kiinte\u00e4lapaisen komposiittipotkurin hajotessa ilman n\u00e4kyv\u00e4\u00e4 syyt\u00e4 kesken lennon. T\u00e4rin\u00e4 rikkoi akselin t\u00e4ydellisesti. Tilalle sain silloin varastossa olleen s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteisen Mosquiton potkuriakselin. Vaikka moottori on k\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteinen, voi sen asentaa my\u00f6s s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteiselle koneelle tarkoitettuun akseliin. Samalla minulla on nyt optio vaihtaa k\u00e4sik\u00e4ynnisteisen koneen tilalle s\u00e4hk\u00f6k\u00e4ynnisteinen potkuriakselia uusimatta. A-10 -valjaissa ollessaan vinoon asennetun koneen pakoputki p\u00e4\u00e4si hankaamaan hitsausliitoksestaan Mosquiton koipea vasten pienen vekin, mutta muuten akseli toimi ongelmattomasti. T\u00e4m\u00e4 akseli kesti noin 100 tuntia, jonka j\u00e4lkeen huomasin moottorin toisessa kiinnityslaipassa taitoksen kohdalta v\u00e4symismurtuman. Murtunut kiinnike leikattiin irti ja tilalle valmistettiin uusi kiinnike ter\u00e4ksisest\u00e4 kulmaraudasta. Kulmarauta kiinnitettiin kolmella M8-ruuveilla ja Nord-Lockeilla kiinni j\u00e4ljellej\u00e4\u00e4neeseen osaan kiinnikett\u00e4.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>English: The propeller shaft and\u00a0the reduction gear<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The propeller shaft of a powered harness is a part of the drive train but also serves as an engine mount. This article deals with some issues regarding to the Mosquito powered harness drive train which should be taken into when operating these devices.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Construction<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The propeller shaft consists of a outer cover made of thin aluminum tube and flanges welded on the tube which serve as an engine mount. Depending on the model of the shaft, the outer tube houses and long uniform steel shaft or a steel tube which has mount points welded on each end for the cog wheel and propeller hub. The axle has three bearings against the outer aluminum tube which are held in place with glue.<\/p>\n<p>The thrust is supported by the inner circle of the bearing most close to the propeller. The bearing transfer the trust to the flange at axle cover. The bearings are glued on the axle and they not are able to carry any axial loads. When using different kind of propeller hubs, a special care must be taken that the hub is supported by the inner part of the bearing which carries the axial load. Otherwise, the axle will be pushed inwards in the cover by the thrust which results in damages in the reduction gear side.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>The differences between the propeller shafts<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The propeller shaft installed on the Mosquito powered harnesses has evolved together with the device itself. The first A-10 Mosquitoes were delivered with a hand-started engine. It has been said that the first version of the propeller shaft was too lightweight and too weak. It was prone to develop cracks in the outer aluminum cover after 100-200 flight hours. The cracks will appear near the welded flanges that act as an engine mount. The end of the cover at the side of the reduction gear will also develop a crack. The outer tubing seems to be too thin to withstand loads and material hardening due to welding also counts. The shaft should be monitored for damages regularly and should be replaced if necessary as it is quite difficult to repair.<\/p>\n<p>The propeller shafts with thin outer cover were installed in A-10 Mosquitoes and the new version probably came along the new NRG model. The propeller shafts that are available now, are made of thicker material and no cracks or defects were not seen on axles with 200 flight hours.<\/p>\n<p>In addtion to the housing of the axle, also the engine mount flanges are prone to stress-induced cracks. Both the older version of the A-10 and the newer part of the NRG are suspectible to these. The engine mount is prone to crack where the flange has been bent. The defects are hard to see when the engine is mounted. However this can be repaired: the broken flange can be cut away along the bend. Then a new corner bracket, for example made of steel, can be bolted in with large screws and Nord-Lock locking spacers.<\/p>\n<p>The propeller shafts of the hand-started engine and the one with electric starter are not compatible with each other. This should be taken into account if the propeller shaft needs to be replaced or if the harness will be equipped with an engine with starter motor. The propeller shaft for engine with starter is tilted counterclockwise approximately ten degrees to make room for the electric starter. An engine with a pull starter can be installed to the propeller shaft of the electric-starter-equipped engine but not vice versa. However it should be noted that when the engine is tilted, the hot exhaust pipe may hit the landing gear.<\/p>\n<p><em>I have managed to break two propeller shafts. The first one was destroyed when my old composite propeller broke up in-flight with no apparent reasons. The resulting vibrations shattered the shaft completely. I replaced it with an propeller shaft which was meant for the engine with electric starter. My pull-started engine fitted to it and now I have possibility to install an engine with an electric starter if I want. In the A-10 harness the exhaust pipe of the 10-deg tilted engine chafed a little on the leg of the harness. This propeller shaft lasted for 100 hours until I saw that the engine mount which is close to the reduction gear, had developed a small crack. This broken mount was cut away and replaced with a new mount made of steel which was attached with three M8 screws and Nord-Lock to the remaining engine mount flange.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Potkuriakseli toimii moottoroiduissa liitimess\u00e4 voimansiirron osana sek\u00e4 moottorin kiinnityksess\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4 artikkeli k\u00e4sittelee Mosquitojen potkuriakseleihin liittyvi\u00e4 &#8221;hyv\u00e4 tiet\u00e4\u00e4&#8221; -asioita ja kohtia, joita kannattaa pit\u00e4\u00e4 silm\u00e4ll\u00e4. Artikkelissa mainitut asiat ovat havaittu omakohtaisien kokemusten kautta kahdesta laitteesta, joiden rakenne, lentotunnit ja kuluminen ovat &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/?page_id=1294\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":648,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1294"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1294"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1294\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1326,"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1294\/revisions\/1326"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.urheiluilmailu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}